PCV2仍然是一种持续的威胁。接种疫苗是一种有效的工具,确实减少了PCV2的存在。但是,农场并不存在于真空中,有一系列的风险因素会干扰疫苗的效力。了解可能阻碍疫苗有效性的风险因素有助于加强农场的疫苗接种策略并提高其成功率。
高风险
猪群中过去的PCV2挑战 Past PCV2 challenge in herd
未接种疫苗的后备母猪 Unvaccinated gilts
进入母猪场前未注射PCV2疫苗加强针 Lack of PCV2 vaccine booster prior to sow farm entry
从未接种过PCV2疫苗的母猪 Sows that have never seen PCV2 vaccine
处理时的病毒血症 Viremia at processing
PRRS、甲型流感病毒、猪肺炎支原体混合感染 Co-infection with PRRS, influenza A virus-swine, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
疫苗剂量不足 Partial dosing of vaccine
猪挤在一起而不是逐个接种疫苗 Crowding pigs instead of picking up for vaccination
在<15日龄时接种疫苗 Vaccinating at <15 days of age
未能接种疫苗/疫苗合规 Failure to vaccinate/vaccine compliance
疫苗接种人员的技能水平 Skill level of vaccination crew
环境欠佳(双层放养、通风等) Suboptimal environment (double stocking, ventilation, etc.)
清洁/卫生程序不良(环境负荷较高) Poor cleaning/sanitation procedures (higher environmental load)
初乳中的高病毒挑战 High viral challenge in colostrum
营养不良 Malnutrition
源猪群疾病状况 Source-herd disease status
发育中的后备母猪病毒血症/病毒脱落动力学 Developing-gilt viremia/shedding dynamics
中风险
后备母猪的疫苗接种时间 Timing of vaccination in replacement gilts
高母源抗体(通过IFA测定) High maternal antibodies (measured by IFA)
管理不善(δ(1)-哌啶-2-羧酸酯、初乳摄入量等) Poor management practices (Delta(1)-piperideine-2-carboxylate, colostrum intake, etc.)
一剂疫苗接种方案 One-dose vaccination regimen
在极端温度下运送的疫苗 Vaccine shipped during extreme temperatures
疫苗处理/储存不当 Improper vaccine handling/storage
未按标签要求混合 Extra-label vaccine mixing
混群(不同PCV2状态、基因型等) Mixing pigs (different PCV2 statuses, genotypes, etc.)
阉割公猪 Maternal barrows
对PCV2疫苗接种有错误认知的员工 Employees with misinformation on PCV2 vaccination
新基因型引入(可导致重组事件) New genotype introductions (can lead to recombination events)
母猪年龄/胎次(催乳因子) Maternal age/parity (lactogenic factors)
低风险
接种PCV2疫苗的母猪群 PCV2-vaccinated sow herd
生物安全差(啮齿动物控制等) Poor biosecurity (rodent control, etc.)
未知的饲料来源/缓解策略 Unknown feed-sourcing/mitigation strategies
参考来源:https://swineweb.com/why-monitor-swine-herds-for-pcv2-noel-garbes-dvm-from-zoetis/
Noel Garbes, DVM